Whakaarohia tēnei: He papa kaunta o te kīhini me ngā uaua mata, whakahīhī o te māpere Carrara. He pakitara kaukau e whai ana i te kakano hohonu, puia o te pātarati. He mata o mua arumoni e whiti ana i te huatau whakahirahira o te karāneti kua orohia. Inaianei, whakaarohia te whakatutuki i tēnei ataahua whakamiharo.me te kore e whakararu i te haumaru o ngā kaimahi, me te karo i te whakakaha o ngā ture o te ao, me te kore e mataku kei whai kawenga mō te wā roaEhara tēnei i te moemoeā ā-mua—engari ko te mooni oKohatu Peita Kore-Hiko, te hurihanga mata hangarau e tuhi anō ana i ngā ture o te hoahoa me te kawenga.
Mō ngā tekau tau, ko te quartz tuku iho (he kōhatu hangai kei roto ko te silica tioata tae atu ki te 90%+) te mea i kaha ake i te mākete, ā, he roa, he rite tonu hoki te āhua. Engari ko tōna mea ngaro pōuri – ko te mōrearea whakamate o te silicosis mō ngā kaihanga – kua pakaru hei raruraru hauora ā-ao, ā, kua puta ngā aukati, ngā kereme ture, me te rapu huarahi kē atu. Kua uru mai te Kōhatu Peita Kore-Silica: ehara i te mea he whakakapinga noa iho, engari he whanaketanga pai ake.
He aha te Ao e Tonoa Ana i ngā Otinga Kore-Hilica (Me te aha hoki me Manaaki Koe)
He whakamataku ngā tatauranga:
- AhitereiriaI whakatinanahia he aukati katoa mō te kōhatu hangahanga me te >1% silica e whai mana ana i te Hūrae 2024, whai muri i te mate urutā silicosis i waenga i ngā tohunga hokohoko.
- California me tua atuKei te whakararuraru ngā ture hou a te OSHA mō te puehu silica (Ripanga 1) i ngā toa hanga e whakamahi ana i te quartz tuku iho, e tono ana kia utua ngā mana whakahaere hangarau. Kei te piki haere ngā kereme ture ki ngā kaihanga.
- EUTe whakanui ake i te tirotiro i raro i te REACH; kei te tūpono ngā here.
- Ngā Kaihoko MatatauKei te piki haere te aro o ngā kaihoahoa, ngā kaihoahoa, me ngā kaipupuri whare ki ngā rauemi matatika,haumaru-ki-te-whakaputangā rauemi. Kei te ngaro te ataahua o te "ahuareka" kua poke i te mōrearea hauora tangata.
Ripanga 1: Te Taumaha Kuru o ngā Ture Hiraka (Te Hanganga Kuata Tuku Iho)
| Whakaritenga | Te Utu Whakatinanatanga Noa | Taumahatanga Whakahaere |
|---|---|---|
| Kohinga Puehu Matatau | $50,000 – $200,000+ | Te tiaki tonu, te whakawhiti tātari, te pūngao |
| Me whakamahi ngā taputapu whāngai wai | $5,000 – $20,000 mō ia taputapu | Te tere tapahi kua whakaitihia, te whakahaere wai |
| Ngā Rohe Uru Whakahaeretia | Te whakarerekētanga nui o te toa | Te raruraru o te rere o te mahi, te ngaronga o te wāhi |
| Ngā PPE Whakahau (RPE) | Te utu tonu mō ia kaimahi | Te mamae o ngā kaimahi, te aroturukitanga o ngā tutukitanga ture |
| Te Tirotiro Hauora | Ngā utu ā-tau mō ia kaimahi | Te kawenga whakahaere, te nama pea |
He kōwhiringa uaua kei mua i ngā kaihanga: te haumi nui ki ngā mahi haumaru e kore e taea, te whakarērea katoatia te quartz, te awhi rānei i te heke mai:Kohatu Peita Kore-Hiko.
Kei tua atu i te "Rēhita Quartz": He aha rawa te meaKohatu Peita Kore-Hiko?
Kaua e pohehe he mea hanga tēnei hei papa raima iti te utu, hei papa kiriaku taketake rānei.Kohatu Peita Kore-Hikohe tohu tēnei i tētahi putanga hou o te pūtaiao rauemi:
- Te TūāpapaKo ngā kohuke tino matotoru, kore-hirika, ngā rauemi hangarua rānei, ka hanga he pūtake tino pumau, kore-pūwero. Whakaarohia ngā kapia kounga teitei e herea ana me te āta whiriwhiri, ngā whakakī kore-pūwero pērā i ngā kongakonga porcelain, te karāhe hangarua, ngā kohuke motuhake kore-hirika rānei.
- Te MakutuMatatau, whakamāramatanga teiteihangarau kōhatu peitaEhara tēnei i te whakapiripiri papaku, i te tānga taketake rānei. Kei roto i ēnei:
- Te Tae Whakauru Hōhonu: Kua whakakīia ngā tae e ahu mai ana i te kohukeki rotote paparanga mata, e kore ai e taea te hanga i te hohonutanga me te tūturutanga e ngā kiriata mata.
- Te Whakamahinga Kakano Maha-PapaKua hangaia te kakano tūturu e whai ana i ngā kapiti kōhatu tūturu, ngā awaawa, me ngā hanganga tioata ki runga i te mata.
- Te Whakaora Pūngao-TiketikeMā ngā tukanga hihi UV, wera rānei ka honoa te whakaotinga ki te āhua ngota, ka puta he mārō tino pai, ā, ka ātete hoki ki te paru.
- Te HuaHe mata kei a ia:
- Te Pono Whakamiharo: Ka hopukina te wairua, te hōhonutanga, me te āhua ahurei o ngā kōhatu tūturu onge – ngā māpere, ngā karāneti, ngā travertine, ngā oniki – me te pono whakamiharo.
- Haumarutanga Kore-WhakatauriteKĀORE he mōrearea o te silica tioata ka taea te manawa i te wā hanga, tāutanga, whakamahinga rānei mō te wā katoa. He ngāwari te manawa o ngā kaihanga – arā, he ngāwari noa iho.
- Mahi Tino PaiHe maha ngā wā ka hipa ake i te kiripaka tuku iho i te ātete ki te rakuraku, te manawanui ki te wera (i roto i te take tika), me te ātete ki ngā tae nā te mea kāore e pupū ake ngā pore me te paninga matatau.
- Te Herekoretanga o te KaihoahoaKāore e herea e ngā uaua kōhatu tūturu, e ngā tauira kuata rānei. Ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā tae ritenga, ngā uaua whakanuia, me ngā hoahoa ahurei, motuhake.
Te Moemoeā a te Kaihanga: Te Mahi me te Kōhatu Peita Kore-Hiko
Koinei te wāhi e tiaho ai te hurihanga kore-silica mō ō kiritaki B2B:
- Te Whakaoranga mai i te Moemoeā PuehuHe iti noa te puehu kino e puta mai i te tapahi, te huri, me te whakakanapa. He rawaka te tango puehu o te awheawhe. Kāore he manawa whakamomori, he wehi rānei mō ngā pukahukahu o ngā kaimahi.
- Tere me te Whai HuaHe māmā ake te miihini i te kōhatu maori, i te nuinga o te wā he quartz tuku iho. He tere ake te hanga = he nui ake te putanga me te hua.
- Te Whakaiti i te Mau o ngā UtautaHe mea whakakoi te silica. He ngawari ake ngā rauemi kore-silica ki ngā mata me ngā poro CNC, ka whakaiti i ngā utu pau.
- Te Whakatutukitanga NgāwariHe tino māmā ake, he iti ake hoki te utu ki te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa haumaru a OSHA, Australian WorkSafe, EU rānei. Ka whakaiti i ngā āwangawanga mō te nama inihua.
- He Wāhi HokoKo ngā kaihanga auaha matatau e hokohoko ana i tā rātou whakamahinga o ngā rauemi haumaru hei rerekētanga matua, e kukume ana i ngā kiritaki e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā tikanga matatika.
Whakaaturanga Mahi: Kohatu Kore-Hiko me te Whakataetae
| Āhuatanga | Kohatu Peita Kore-Hiko | Kuata Tuku Iho | Kōhatu Taiao (Kārāniti/Māpere) | Papa Pōrohe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tūponotanga o te Hiraka | Kāore | Tino nui (60-95%) | Taurangi (Waenga-Teitei) | Iti/Kāore (Tina i Whakakāhia) |
| Ngā Āhuatanga Tuturu | Tino Pai (He rite ki tētahi kōhatu) | Pai (He Tauira, Kāore i te Taiao) | Tino pai (ahurei) | Tino Pai (Tānga Whakamārama-Teitei) |
| Ātete ki te rakuraku | Tino pai | Tino Pai | Karāniti: Pai rawa atu, Māpere: Kino | Tino pai |
| Ātete ki te paru | Tino Pai (Kāore e Pōro) | Tino Pai (Kāore e Pōro) | Karāniti: Pai, Māpere: Kino (Hiri) | Tino pai |
| Ātete Wera | Tino Pai (Tirohia te whakatauranga motuhake) | Pai (Kāore e pāngia e te kapia) | Tino pai | Tino pai |
| **Te Māmā/Te Haumaru o te Hanga | Ngāwari rawa atu & Haumaru rawa atu | Uaua & Morearea (Pūehu) | Uaua (Uaua, Taurangi) | Tino mārō (whakakorikori) |
| Ātete UV (Tae) | Tino Pai (Ngā Tae Matatau) | Tino Pai | Tino pai | Tino pai |
| Te Koki Whakapūmau | He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā ihirangi hangarua | Te whakamahinga nui o ngā rauemi parakore | Pānga o te Keri | Te Pupuhi Pūngao-Nui |
Te Wetewete i te Pūmanawa Hoahoa: Ngā Taupānga e Kanapa Ana
Ehara i te mea he haumaru noa te Kōhatu Peita Kore-Hiko; he tino maha hoki ōna whakamahinga:
- Huringa Noho:
- Ngā kīhiniHe papa kaute whakamiharo, kāore he āwangawanga. He moutere wairere maeneene e whai ana i te calacatta onge. He papa whakamuri māia, whakahirahira.
- Ngā WharepakuHe mea whakapaipai ngā wharepaku, ngā pakitara kaukau, me ngā kaukau ki te māpere, ā, kāore he āwangawanga mō te whakairo.
- Ngā Pakitara ĀhuatangaHe whakaari mai i te papa ki te tuanui i ngā rūma noho, i ngā tomokanga, i ngā tari kāinga rānei.
- Ngā Taiapa o te AhiTe whakahaere i te wera me te whakarato i te kakano matatau.
- Taonga wharePapa tēpu, kāpata hanga-ake, whata.
- Te Mana Whakahaere Pakihi:
- ManaakitangaNgā tomokanga hōtēra, ngā pae wharekai, ngā kaunta whakapaipai – ngā wāhi whai pānga nui e hiahia ana kia pakari, kia ātaahua hoki.
- HokohokoNgā kaute whakaaturanga papai, ngā whakapaipai papa pakari, ngā āhuatanga waitohu.
- KamupeneNgā tēpu whakawhiwhinga manuhiri, ngā āhuatanga o te tari matua, te whakakikorua pakitara pakari i ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o te tangata.
- HauoraHe mata ma, he mata hono kore mō ngā kaute, he parenga ki te pakitara (mēnā ka taea e te ātete pānga).
Te Whakautu ki te Hunga Ruarua: Ngā Pūrākau me ngā Tūturutanga
- Pūrākau"He papa rākau whakapaipai noa iho."
Te ao tūturuHe rauemi mata totoka, he mahi teitei tēnei. Ko te kupu "peita" e pā ana ki ngā tae me ngā kakano kohuke kua whakauruhia, kua rongoatia, ehara i te kiriata mata. He matotoru 12mm-20mm te nuinga, he tinana katoa. - Pūrākau"E kore e rite te ataahua ki te kōhatu tūturu."
Te ao tūturu: Ka hopu te matawai matihiko matatau me te kakano i ngā āhuatanga rerekē kāore e taea e te nuinga o ngā pereti kōhatu maori te ōrite tonu. Ka whiwhi koe i tepai rawa atuuaua, tetino whakaarinekehanga, tino tāruaruatia. - Pūrākau"Kāore i te tino pakari."
Te ao tūturuKo te Kohatu Kore-Hiko i hangaia me te rongoatia kia tika, he ātete tino pai ki te rakuraku, ki te paru, ki te kakahu, he maha nga wa ka pai ake i te mapere taiao me te quartz kounga teitei. - Pūrākau"Ka memeha te tae."
Te ao tūturuMā ngā tae kohuke e ātete ana ki te hihi UV me ngā paninga tiaki o runga ka mau tonu te tae mō te wā roa, ahakoa i roto i ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e te rā.
Te Kōwhiri i te Kaiwhakarato Kōhatu Peita Kore-Hiko Tika: Ngā Take Matua
Kāore e ōrite ana ngā mata "kore-hirika" katoa. Kia pai te mahi tahi:
- Tiwhikete Kore-Hilica ka ManatokohiaMe tono kia puta mai ngā pūrongo taiwhanga motuhake e whakaū ana i te iti iho i te 1%, i te iti iho rānei i te 0.1% o te ihirangi silica tioata ka taea te manawa.
- Te Hanganga Matua me te PūmautangaHe aha ngā rauemi korekore e hanga ana i te turanga? He ātete ki te piko, ki te ahotea wera rānei?
- Hangarau Peita/WhakaotiKia mārama ki te hohonutanga o te urunga o te tae, te tikanga paninga kakano, me te tukanga whakamaroke. Mā tēnei ka whakatau i te tūturutanga me te roa o te wā.
- Ngā Tiwhikete MahiRapua ngā whakamātautau motuhake mō te ātete ki te rakuraku (Mohs, EN 13329), te ātete ki te paru (ISO 10545-14), te ru wera, me te whakatauranga ahi (Akomanga A).
- Te whānuitanga o te hoahoa me te ponoHe tino pono ngā tauira e tukuna ana e tā rātou whare pukapuka puta noa i ngā momo kōhatu rerekē? Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i ngā hoahoa ritenga?
- Matotoru me te TūturutangaHe mea nui ngā paerewa e tukuna ana (12mm, 20mm) me te kounga pereti ōrite mō te hanga.
- Rongonui me te Tautoko a te KaiwhakaratoKāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te tohungatanga whakangao kua whakamātauhia, te pono o ngā mahi whakahaere, me te tautoko hangarau mō ngā kaihanga.
He Mārama te Ao o te Ao (ā, Kore-Hilica)
Kāore e taea te whakakore i te neke atu i ngā rauemi morearea kei roto he silica. E hiahiatia ana tēnei e te pēhanga ture, te mōhiotanga o te kaihoko, me te tikanga tangata taketake. Ehara i te mea he huarahi kē noa iho te Kōhatu Peita Kore-Silica; e tohu ana i tete whakatupuranga hou o te papa hoahoa-tiketike, haepapa hoki.
E tuku ana:
- Te Rauemi me te Whakaputa MatatikaTiakina te oranga o ngā kaimahi – tō rawa tino nui.
- Te Rangimarie o te Hinengaro WhakahaereKia noho matatau ki ngā aukati me ngā here o te ao.
- Painga WhakataetaeTe hokohoko i ngā painga o te haumaru me te oranga tonutanga ki ngā kiritaki mātau.
- Ataahua Kore-Whakaheke: Whakaputaina te ataahua whakamiharo e hiahiatia ana e ngā kiritaki.
- Te Whakaiti i te Taunahatanga me ngā UtuWhakaitihia ngā whakapaunga e pā ana ki te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, te PPE, te pakaru o ngā taputapu, me ngā kerēme ture pea.
Kaua e urutau noa ki te ao o āpōpō – engari me ārahi. Whakarērea te puehu kino, ā, awhia ngā mata e tuku ana i te auahatanga kia manawa noa. Ehara i te mea he hua noa te Kōhatu Peita Kore-Hiko; he mahere mō tētahi taiao hanga haumaru ake, ataahua ake, me te pumau ake.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-17-2025