0 Kōhatu Hiraka: Te Otinga Mata Haumaru me te Pakari Tino Pai

I te ao o te hoahoa whare me te hoahoa ā-roto, ko te rapu i te kōhatu maori ataahua, pakari, me te haumaru kua tino hira ake. Hei kaihanga kōhatu matua, e whakahīhī ana mātou ki te whakauru i tētahi hua hou e tautuhi ana i ngā paerewa ahumahi: 0 Kōhatu Hiraka. Ehara tēnei i te mea he kōwhiringa papa kaunta, papa rānei; he whakapau kaha ki te hauora, ki te haumaru, me te huatau tino pai. Mō ngā kaipupuri whare, ngā kaihoahoa, me ngā kaimahi kirimana e whakatairanga ana i te oranga me te kore e whakararu i te ataahua, koinei te putanga hou kua tatarihia e koe.

Ka rukuhia e tēnei aratohu whānui te āhua o te Kōhatu Hiraka 0, te take he rerekē ai te āhua o tōna āhuatanga ahurei, ōna painga nui, me tōna tūnga hei kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō ngā wāhi noho me ngā wāhi mahi hou.

Te Mārama ki te Raru Silica: He aha te Hiranga o te "0"

Hei mārama ki te uara o te Kōhatu Hiraka 0, me mārama tuatahi tātou ki te raruraru e whakatauhia ana e ia. He nui te hiraka tioata kei roto i ngā kōhatu tūturu tuku iho pērā i te karāneti, te kuata (kōhatu hangai), me te kirikiri. He kohuke tūturu tēnei e kitea ana i roto i te kirinuku o te whenua.

Ahakoa te āhua kore mahi ina tāutahia, he nui te mōrearea hauora o te silica i te wā e hangaia ana—te tapahi, te huri, te whakakanapa, me te keri. Ka puta he puehu silica tioata (RCS) ka taea te manawa mā roto i ēnei mahi. Ina manawahia i roto i te wā, ka taea e tēnei puehu te arahi ki ngā mate manawa kino, ā, he maha ngā wā ka mate, tae atu ki:

• Silicosis: He mate pūkahukahu kāore e taea te rongoā e puta ai te mumura me te whara i roto i ngā pūkahukahu, ka tino whakaiti i te kaha o ngā pūkahukahu ki te ngongo hāora.
• Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu
• Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau tonu (COPD)
• Mate whatukuhu

Ko ngā ture pakari mai i ngā whakahaere pēnei i te OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) e whakahaere ana i te whakahaere me te hanga i ngā rauemi kei roto he silica, e hiahiatia ana ngā kaihanga ki te whakatinana i ngā mahi haumaru whānui me te utu nui, pēnei i te hauhautanga motuhake, ngā tikanga tapahi makuku, me ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro (PPE).

He aha rawa te Kōhatu Hiraka 0?

0 Ko te Kōhatu Hiraka he kāwai matua o ngā rauemi kōhatu tūturu, e ai ki te ingoa, kāore rawa he hiraka tioata e kitea. Mā te kimi rauemi whenua me ngā tukanga whiriwhiri matatau, ka tautuhia e mātou, ka keri hoki i ngā putunga kōhatu motuhake kāore he kohuke kino i roto.

Ehara ēnei kōhatu i te mea hanga-ā-ringa, i te mea hanga-ā-ringa rānei; he mea hanga ā-taiao katoa, i hangaia mō ngā mano tau, ā, he āhua motuhake ō rātou, he rerekētanga tae, me te āhua e kore e taea e te taiao anake te whakarato. Ko te rerekētanga matua kei roto i ō rātou hanganga kohuke, e haumaru ake ai i te wā e keri ana i te rua kohatu ki te kīhini.

Ngā Painga Tino Pai o te Kōwhiri i te 0 Kohatu Hiraka

Ehara i te mea he kōwhiringa haumaru noa te kōwhiri i te 0 Silica Stone; he whakatau mohio hoki e tuku ana i ngā painga maha.

1. Te Tiakitanga Haumaru me te Hauora Tuturu
Koinei te painga matua. Mā te whakakore i te tūponotanga o te puehu silica, ka tiakina e te 0 Silica Stone:

• Kaihanga me ngā Kaiwhakauru: Ka taea e rātou te mahi i roto i tētahi taiao haumaru ake, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate mahi, ka whakaiti i ngā utu inihua, ka whakangāwari hoki i te whakatutukitanga o ngā ture hauora.
• Ngā Kaipupuri Whare me ngā Kaiwhakamahi Whakamutunga: Ahakoa he haumaru te hua kua tāutahia ahakoa te nui o te silica, mā te whiriwhiri i te 0 Silica Stone ka tautoko i tētahi mekameka tuku matatika e whakanui ana i te hauora o ngā kaimahi. Ka whakarato hoki i te rangimarie o te hinengaro mō ngā whānau, inā koa ko te hunga he tamariki ā rātou, he tāngata rānei kua pāngia e ngā mate manawa, i roto i ngā whakahoutanga iti, i ngā whakarerekētanga rānei ā muri ake nei.

2. Te Manawanui me te Roa o te Ora
Kaua e pohehe te korenga o te silica hei tohu i te korenga o te kaha. 0 He tino matotoru, he pakari hoki ngā kōhatu silica, pērā i ētahi momo māpere, te kōhatu papa, me te quartzite. Ko ēnei:

• Ātete Wera: He tino pai mō ngā kīhini, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te tu atu i ngā kohua me ngā paraharaha wera.
• Ātete ki ngā rakuraku: He tino ātete ki ngā rakuraku o te whakamahinga o ia rā, e pupuri tonu ana i tōna mata kia maeneene mō ngā tau.
• Pūmau: Ka noho tonu te mata o te Kōhatu Hiraka 0 hei wāhanga ataahua, whai hua hoki o tō whare mō ngā whakatipuranga.

3. Ataahua Taiao Mutunga Kore
He mahi toi ahurei ia papa kōhatu hiraka 0. He whānuitanga o ngā tae, ngā tauira, me ngā whakaotinga e wātea ana—mai i ngā uaua mārō ngawari, tawhito ki ngā tauira quartzite māia, whakaari—he momo kāhua e pai ana mō ngā momo hoahoa katoa, mai i te iti rawa, hou ki te tuku iho papai.

4. Ngāwari o te Tiaki
He tino ngāwari te tiaki i ēnei kōhatu tūturu mēnā ka tiakina tika. Mā te horoi auau ki te wai horoi pH-kore me te hiri ā-wā (mō ētahi momo pūngoi) ka noho tonu hei mea hou. Nā te āhua kore-pūngoi (ina hiritia) ka ātete ki te paru.

5. Te Uara o te Whenua kua Piki Ake
He huarahi rongonui te tāuta i te kōhatu maori kounga teitei hei whakapiki i te uara o tētahi whare. Mā te tuku i tētahi hua kounga teitei e mau ana hoki i tētahi painga haumaru nui, ka nui ake te ātaahua o te Kōhatu Hiraka 0 mō ngā kaihoko pea o muri mai e aro nui ana ki te hauora me te oranga tinana.

Ngā tono pai mō te 0 Kōhatu Hiraka

Te maha o ngā āhuatanga0 Kōhatu Hirakae pai ai mō te nuinga o ngā tono:

• Ngā Papa Tātai me ngā Moutere o te Kīhini: Te pokapū o te kāinga, e hiahia ana ki te ataahua me te manawanui.
• Ngā Wāhi Kaukau me ngā Pakitara Māku: Ka waihanga i te āhuarangi kaukau papai me te marino.
• Papa: Ka tāpiri i te ataahua me te uara ki ngā ara raro, ki ngā rūma noho me ngā wāhi arumoni.
• Ngā Wāhi Arumoni: He mea tino pai mō ngā tomokanga hōtēra, ngā papa tēpu wharekai, me ngā wāhi manaaki manuhiri umanga, he mea nui te pakari me te āhua.
• Papanga o Waho me ngā Pātio: He tino pai ētahi momo kōhatu kore-silica mō te ātete ki ngā huarere me te ātaahua.

0 Kohatu Hiraka me ngā Rauemi Tuku Iho: He Whakataurite Tere

Te Manaaki i tāu Pūtea Kohatu Hiraka 0

Hei whakarite kia ataahua tonu ō mata:

1. Horoia wawetia ngā maringi: Whakamahia he kakahu ngohengohe me te hopi horoi ngawari, pH-kore.
2. Whakamahia ngā papa taupoki me ngā papa whāriki: Ārai i ngā rakuraku me te wera nui.
3. Hiri Anō i ia Wā: I runga i te kaha o te kōhatu, he pai ake te hiri anō i ia 1-2 tau kia mau tonu ai te ātete ki te paru.
4. Āraia ngā Matū Kino: Ka taea e ngā kaihoroi whakakoi, te wai mā, me te haukini te kino i te hiri me te mata o te kōhatu.

He Ataahua, he Haumaru te Ao o te Ao

Kei te tere haere te neke whakamua ki ngā rauemi hanga whare hauora ake.0 Kōhatu Hirakakei mua i tēnei panonitanga, e whakautu ana i te hiahia mō ngā hua e haumaru ana mō te hunga katoa e whai wāhi ana ki tō rātou huringa oranga—mai i te kaimahi keri kohatu ki te kaihanga, ā, i te mutunga, ki te whānau e pārekareka ana ki tēnei hua i ia rā, i ia rā.

He hononga tino pai tēnei o te ataahua o te taiao me te māramatanga pūtaiao o ēnei rā, e āhei ai koe ki te hanga i tētahi hoahoa ataahua, whai tikanga hoki.

Kua rite koe ki te whiriwhiri haumaru?

He aha koe ka whakararuraru ai i te haumaru ina taea e koe te whiwhi i ngā mea katoa—he ataahua whakamiharo, he pakari pakari, me te rangimarie o te hinengaro? Tirohia tā mātou kohinga motuhake o ngā mata Kōhatu Hiraka 0 i tēnei rā.

Whakapā mai inaianeiki te tono tauira kore utu, ki te matapaki i ngā whakaritenga o tō kaupapa, ki te kōrero rānei ki ā mātou tohunga ki te kimi i te pereti tino tika mō tō whare moemoeā, mō tō kaupapa arumoni rānei. Kia hanga ngātahi tātou i tētahi ao haumaru ake, ataahua ake hoki.